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By performing these discourses, or “Argentineity scripts”, as they are here called, locals can celebrate and also condemn all that which they view as distinctively Argentine, and, in doing so, they perpetuate historical discourses of nationhood.Īltogether, the various analyses offer original, culturally sensitive insights into locals’ construal of Argentine places, people, language, and emotions. 7 captures various discourses around which Argentines organize the words studied in Ch. It is shown that bronca1 plays an important role in the emotional processing of deep-seated problems in Argentine society, with discursive saliency in themes such as political corruption, economic crisis, poverty, and lack of moral standards, all of which are typically framed under the discursive logics of viveza criolla.Ĭh. It places people in the position of passive “onlookers” of inevitable scenarios that unfold in front of their eyes in a compelling way. The analysis suggests that one of these meanings, bronca1, offers Porteños a fatalistic interpretation of reality. 6 analyses the emotion word bronca (roughly, ‘anger’), identifying three distinct meanings. Vivo and boludo, it is argued, are culture-specific frames for categorizing and evaluating someone as one of two kinds of people with radically opposite ways of thinking and acting.Ĭh. It is shown that, by labelling an action or way of thinking as viveza criolla, speakers view it as an expression of local culture, and as a widely celebrated but antisocial form of relating with others. 5 analyses the cultural value viveza criolla (roughly, ‘artful cheating’), and its associated social category words vivo (roughly, ‘cunning person’) and boludo (roughly, ‘moron’). It is also argued that the word lunfardo encodes (a) metapragmatic attitudes which are reflective of historical discourses organized around that word, and (b) a link to tango music.Ĭh. It is shown that its meaning compresses a historical narrative that invites people to think of Argentine words as being largely migrated from Europe. 4 analyses the word lunfardo (roughly, ‘Buenos Aires’ slang’). It is shown that their meanings involve high compression of culture-specific knowledges and narratives which serve a powerful role in the erasure of un-European places and people.Ĭh. 3 analyses two expressions: Buenos Aires es la París de Sudamérica (‘Buenos Aires is the Paris of South America’) and Los argentinos descienden de los barcos (‘Argentines descend from the ships’). The meaning hypotheses were also trialed with native speakers and discussed with cultural consultants.īriefly, the major findings are summarized as follows.
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This evidence was obtained from various sources, including newspaper articles, radio and TV programs, stand-up comedy performances, short stories, tango lyrics, and the corpora CORDE, CREA, and CORPES XXI produced by Real Academia Española. All meaning hypotheses in this study are grounded in evidence from natural language usage. This is because the approach describes meaning via a mini-language of simple, cross-translatable terms. Importantly, with ethnopragmatics, these local perspectives are also made available to cultural outsiders and speakers of other languages. This approach enables fine-grained meaning analysis which can accurately reflect local perspectives encoded in words and discourses.
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To analyze the meanings of these targets, the study uses ethnopragmatics, also known as the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach. Most specifically, the thesis argues that these targets are the “offspring” of a nation building project, advanced by the elites in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which aimed to “civilize” Argentina with European values and people. words and discourses) are culturally significant to all Argentines, because their meanings have historically functioned as guides in Argentines’ interpretation of the world. The argument is that the selected targets (i.e. It also captures the meanings of culture-specific discourses that Porteños (people from Buenos Aires) recurrently perform when they use these words. This thesis captures the meanings of a selection of words that are widely used in Porteño Spanish (spoken in Buenos Aires, the capital city of Argentina) and which lack precise equivalents in other languages and cultures.